Criteria for Process selection - techniques and reagents - consideration of yield, raw materials, processes, by-products - waste disposal and environmental impacts - products competition.

Equipment and appliances used in major chemical Industries - size reduction ,filtration, centrifugation, membrane separation - settling, flotation, drying and crystallization, distillation, adsorption and extraction.

Stoichiometric Principles, materials and energy balances, nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, esterification, saponification, animation and hydrogenation

Sources, quality parameters - pH, acidity, alkalinity, total disolved solids, hardness, chloride, sulphate, iron, manganese and silica - permissible limits for various industries, water treatment - lime - soda, zeolite, ion exchange and reverse osmosis methods.

Environmental pollution - causes and types, water pollution - measurement of turbidity, colour, DO,BOD and COD, discharge standards, waste water treatment - primary and secondary treatments, advanced oxidation technologies - ozonation and photodegradation, air pollution - sources and causes, monitoring and control devices, solid waste management, disposal of hazardous wastes.

Chloralkali industry - membarane cell technology, sulphuric acid - contact process, ammonia - Haber process, sodium carbonate - Solvay process.

Refractories - properties and requirements, classification, manufacture of silica, magnestic and carborandum, abrasives - natural and synthetic abrasives - corundum, diamond, boron carbide, Portland cement - raw materials, manufacture, analysis of cement, lime and gypsum, ceramics - raw materials, manufacture by dry and wet processes, cements, manufacture of glass.

Manufacture of nitrogenous, phosphorous and potassic fertilizers, mixed fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides and fungicides.

Methods of ore benefication, extraction of titanium, vanadium, thorium, tungsten, powder metallurgy, speciality alloys - tool alloys , fuse alloys and bearing alloys

Production and uses of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, argon, LPG, acetylene, carbon dioxide, water gas and producer gas.

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Petroleum refining - process outline, fuels from petroleum - cracking, alkylation, isomerisation, lubricants, petrochemical raw materials.

Coal varieties, analysis of coal - proximate and ultimate analysis, calorific value, combustion calculations, distillation of coal, coking methods, metallurgical coke, liquid fuels from coal - hydrogenation methods.

Fats and Oils - analysis and composition, extraction of oils - pressing, rendering and solvent extraction, bleaching and refining. Soaps - raw materials and manufacture. Detergents - Classification and application, raw materials and manufacture, enzyme and zeolite based detergents, biodegradable detergents.

Manufacturing of pulp and paper - raw materials, mechanical and chemical pulping methods, bleaching, fillers and sizing agents, colouring, paper boards and laminates.

Anaerobic fermentations - alcohol fermentation, aerobic fermentation - factors influencing yield, production of pencillin, tetracycline, lysine, glutamic acid, lactic acid, citric acid and enzymes, brewing industry.

Chemical explosive - preparation of dynamite, TNB, PETN, Cyclonite, plastic explosives, gelatin, cordite and seismic explosives, propellants - manufacture of liquid and solid propellants - hydrazine, incendiaries and smoke screens.

Classification, Manufacture and application of LDPE, LLDPE, HDPE, PVC, PS, PMMA, ABS, teflon and bakelite, compounding of plastic, moulding techniques - compression, injection, transfer, extrusion and blow moulding, thermoforming.

Manufacture of nylons, polyesters and polycarbonates, elastomers - natural rubber - compounding and vulcanisation, synthetic rubber - neoprene, butyl, nitrile, SBR and silicone rubber.

Natural and synthetic adhesives - general constituents, types - thermoplastic, thermosetting and protein based adhesives, synthetic resins - epoxy, polyurethane and silicone resins, dyes - colour and constitution, azo dyes and vat dyes.

Oil paints - Constituents, emulsions paints acrylic and vinyl paints, speciality paints - heat resistant, fire retardant, temperature indicating and luminous paints, varnishes - types, insulating varnishes, lacquers.